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Tricuspid Regurgitation

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What is Tricuspid Regurgitation (TR)?

Tricuspid valve regurgitation is a condition in which the valve between the two right heart chambers (right ventricle and right atrium) doesn't close properly [1]. Therefore, there is a leakage of blood backward through the tricuspid valve each time the right ventricle contracts, and less blood being pumped through the heart and to the body. As a result, the right atrium enlarges, and blood pressure increases in the right atrium and the large veins that enter it from the body. This can sometimes cause symptoms of heart failure [2]. Primary TR is caused by a structural abnormality and secondary or functional TR is caused by dilatation of the tricuspid annulus and remodeling of the right ventricle and right atrium [3].

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What are the symptoms of Tricuspid Regurgitation (TR)?

Tricuspid valve regurgitation often doesn't cause signs or symptoms until the condition is severe. Noticeable signs and symptoms of tricuspid valve regurgitation may include [4]:

  • Shortness of breath with activity

  • Swelling in your abdomen, legs or veins in your neck

  • Fatigue

  • Declining exercise capacity

  • Abnormal heart rhythms

  • Pulsing in your neck

Same solution for both TR (Tricuspid Regurgitation) and MR (Mitral Regurgitation)

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Mitral Regurgitation

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What is Mitral Regurgitation (MR)?

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What are the symptoms of Mitral Regurgitation (MR)?

In Mitral valve regurgitation, the valve between the upper left heart chamber (left atrium) and the lower left heart chamber (left ventricle) doesn't close tightly, causing blood to leak backward into the left atrium (regurgitation) [5].

Functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) occurs when mitral leaflets are prevented from adequate coaptation by underlying left ventricular (LV) dysfunction, Mitral annular dilation, or both.

Enlarged left ventricular causes displacement of the papillary muscles that support the two valve leaflets and the valve is stretched. If left untreated, FMR overloads the heart and can lead to or accelerate heart failure [6].

Some people with mitral valve disease might not experience symptoms for many years. Signs and symptoms of mitral valve regurgitation, which depend on its severity and how quickly the condition develops, can include [7]:

  • Shortness of breath (dyspnea), especially when you have been very active or when you lie down

  • Swollen feet or ankles

  • Fatigue

  • Abnormal heart sound (heart murmur) heard through a stethoscope

  • Heart palpitations — sensations of a rapid, fluttering heartbeat

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